Tool for inserting cylinder liners



May 27, 1947. w, LQTZ TOOL FOR INSERTING CYLINDER mums Filed July 26,1945 0 2 m m. r m m m 60 31 3 HY .7% a a .l (l 9 3 2L 5 3 63 7 I 2 35533 3 w Patented May 27,194

UNITED STATE-1L- TOOL FOR INSERTING CYLINDER LINERS Homer W. Lotz,Detroit, Mich, assignor to Lotz Industrial Research Center, Detroit,Mich, a

Application July 26, 1945, Serial No. 607,217

4 Claims. 1

The tool improved by me pertains to devices employed for the purpose offorcing thin sheet metal liners into cylinders of internal combustionengines.

The purpose of my invention is to provide a portable tool of simpleconstruction by means of which the process of forcing the liners intothe respective cylinders may be accomplished quick- 1y, with littleeiiort and in a manner assuring a uniform alignment of the lining withinits cylinder throughout the length of the lining. It is further theobject of the invention to provide the toolby means of which the linersmay be inserted in place without distortion and without the need. ofreadjustment or refinishing, once the liners are in place. I shall nowdescribe my tool with reference to the accompanying drawings in whichFigure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of my tool with a fragmentarysectional view" of a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine,disclosing a cylinder therein into which a lining is to be forced.

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the tool on line 2-4. of Figure 1.

Figure 3. is a sectional view of the tool of line 3.-3,of Figure 1:.

Similar numeralsrefer to similar parts throughouttheseveralviews.

Basically the toolis built. toemploy hydraulic pressure for the purposeof forcing the liner longitudinally with respect to the axis of therespective cylinder into which the lineris to be inserted.Morespecifically thetool diverges from the, ordinary practice ofconstruction whichv employs. a cylinder and apiston moving therein,andreverses the action of its component elements by. holding. theaxially central member stationary while the cylinder, or a sleeve, beingthe outside member ismade to proceed longitudinally in a telescopicmovement over the central stationary member carrying the liner into theposition which said liner is to occupy. The inner stationary member Ill.has the form of a cylinder threaded internally at both ends asindicated-by numerals H, and. l-2.respectiv.ely. I shall designate theend marked l I, as the outer end, and the end marked I2. as th inner endof member H with reference, to saidmoveable cylinder. A threaded plul3lincluding. a, shoulder hi closes said outerend of member I and servesas a support for an axially disposed hook I5, which includes athre'acledshank. l6. said hook being applied from outside to said plug.

It is by means of this hook l5 that the tool v2| threaded into saidmember.

, monly used in trade.

may be attached to crankshaft It of the engine in which the engin blockis indicated by numeral l9, and the cylinder to be lined bynumeral 2!This is accomplished by slipping the hook over the crankshaft sidewise,and the turning of the tool -t0 engage said; crankshaft. In order toprevent the marring of the crankshaft and application of the hook, abushing I1 is interposed between said crankshaft and said hook as shown.

The inner end of member It isclosed by closure Integrally connectedtherewith is a disk shaped top 22 of expanded diameter, its rimforming ashoulder 40. Said topincludes on its underside a portion 4:2 of reduceddiameter somewhat in excess of that of the threaded part of closure 21'.The to is provided with an axially disposed threaded socket 23 leadingto a central well 2i in the body closure 2i, the well opening into aplurality of radially disposed conduits 25, leading toan annularchamberZB. A tube 21 capable of withstanding a relativelyhigh'pressureand provided with a nozzle 28', is threaded into socket 23as a means of conveying liquid, such as oil under pressure towards saidwell 24-.

The moveable element of my chamber is a cylindrical sleeve 29 being inan axial alignment with the stationary member It. The inner diameter ofthe sleeve is large enough to fit over shoulder it, saidsleeve beingprovided with an inwardly turned flange 30 which forms a slip jointabutting the outer surface of saidmember it. To assure a liquid-tightcontact-between the respective parts, an annular seal 32, consisting ofa suitable packing is used in flange 39 between the outer surface of thestationary member l0, and the inner rim of flange 50 of the sleeve; Asimilar sealt lis used in the rim surface'of shoulder dd. The-outer, orthe remote endof the sleeve with. respect to member Ill is equipped witha collar 36 threaded internally to fit the threading of the outersurface of the casing. The collar is longitudinally adjustable withrespect to said casing by means of said threads. To facilitate manualadjustment of said collar it carries radial spokes 34'. The spokes alsoserve as convenient handles for holding the tool during its operation.

As will be noted by reference to the drawings, collar 33 includes threeshoulders, 36, 35 and 39; in a stepped down relation to accommodateliners of corresponding diameters. This provision is satisfactory forliners of sizes most com- Should it be necessary to.

employ liners of different sizes, the collar may be easily replaced byanother having the shoulders of the desired diametrical dimensions. Thisinterchangeability of the collar is one of the important features of myinvention.

After having described the component parts of my said tool, I shall nowdescribe its operation:

It will be assumed that the tool is of the right size for the operationto be herein set out. From the description already given it will beclear that the outer sleeve of my tool being in a sliding engagementwith the stationary member thereof may be moved longitudinally over saidmember into what may be called a telescopical collapsed relation, asdiffering from the extended relation shown in the drawings. In saidextended relation of parts the stationary member is drawn out of thesleeve to the limit allowed by the construction of the tool. The initialsteps of the operation of the tool take place when the tool is soextended. The liner 3'! is then set in place by being slid over the hookend of the tool against shoulder 35 on collar 33, whereupon the tool isinserted into the respective cylinder of an engine block and secured inplace within the cylinder by means of hook l5 by which it is anchored tocrankshaft l8. Bushing H is interposed between the crankshaft and thehook to eliminate possible scratches of the crankshaft as alreadydescribed above. The liner extending over the body of the sleeve abutsone of the shoulders of collar 33 and is disposed in an axial alignmentwith the cylinder at the receiving end thereof. Held by hook l5 at oneend in the interior of the engine, the tool is supported manually at theother end by means of spokes 34. At this stage of the operation liquidunder pressure is delivered through tube 21 towards well 26 and throughradial apertures 25 into chamber 26. Here the pressure exerted againstthe inner well of the moveable flange 30 will force the flange inwardlyinto the cylinder 20 effecting a longitudinal movement of the sleevewith the liner thereon towards the hook end of the tool.

The movement is continued till the sleeve has reached shoulder M of plugI3 at the hook end of the stationary member l0. Position of the sleeveat this stage of the operation is shown by dotted lines 29a. At thisstage, the liner carried in by the sleeve, will be in abutment with theinner surface of cylinder 20. It ought to be pointed out that at theabove said position of the sleeve the initially restricted annularchamber 26, has been expanded till it includes space 38 surrounding thelarger part of member ID.

As the seating of the liner on the collar of the sleeve is loose, theliner is adapted to adjust itself automatically to the contours of thewall of the cylinder. When the liner has been fully driven into itsplace in the cylinder, the application of hydraulic pressure supplied tothe tool is discontinued, and the tool may be withdrawn from thecylinder on disengagement of the hook from the crankshaft.

The whole operation is speedy and efficient and results in a saving ofas much as fifty per cent in time may be effected by the use of thetool, as has been proved by actual experience in the use of the toolunder ordinary working conditions.

It will be understood that some changes may be made in the design,construction and the combination of the essential elements of my toolwithout departing from the inventive principle disclosed herein. What Itherefore wish to claim is as follows:

1. An apparatus of the kind described, comprising a stationarycylindrical member adapted to be disposed axially within the cylinder ofthe engine to be equipped with a liner, means at one end of said memberto anchor the apparatus to the crankshaft of the engine during theoperation of said apparatus, a closure at the other end of said memberhaving an annular shoulder extending outwardly, a cylindrical sleeve,open at one end and being slidingly disposed over said shoulder, anannular collar on said sleeve at the open-end thereof to bear againstthe outer end of the liner, and an inwardly turned, annular flange onthe opposite end of the sleeve to abut the outer surface of thestationary member, means to introduce liquid under pressure between theshoulder-of the closure and the flange to drive said sleeve by means ofsaid flange inwardly into the cylinder of the engine, with the liner onsaid sleeve to force the liner into its place in said cylinder.

2. An apparatus of the kind described, comprising a stationarycylindrical member adapted to be disposed axially within the cylinder ofthe engine to be equipped with a liner, means at one end of said memberto anchor the apparatus to the crankshaft of the engine during theoperation of said apparatus, a closure at the other end of said memberhaving a shoulder extending outwardly, a cylindrical sleeve, open at oneend and being in an internally sliding abutment with said shoulder, aninterchangeable collar, longitudinally adjustable on the sleeve at itsopen end and provided with annular means for abutment with the end ofthe liner, an inwardly turned flange on the opposite end of the sleeveto abut the outer surface of the stationary member, means to introduceliquidunder pressure into space between the shoulder of the closure andthe flange to drive said sleeve by means of said flange, with the lineron said sleeve to force the liner into its place in the cylinder of theengine.

3. A tool of the kind described comprising a stationary cylindricalmember adapted to be disposed within the cylinder of the engine to beequipped with a liner, means at one end of said member to anchor thesame to a part of the engine, during the operation of the tool, aclosure at the other end of the stationary member having a shoulderextending outwardly, a cylindrical sleeve open at one end and being in asliding internal abutment with said shoulder, said sleeve including atits open end a longitudinally adjustable collar havin an outwardlyturned shoulder for abutment with the end of a liner and an inwardlyturned flange at the other end to abut the outer surface of thestationary member, the above said closure being provided with a socketfor reception of a .tube adapted to convey liquid under pressure, andwith a plurality of radial passages to convey said liquid outwardly to aspace between said flange and the shoulder on the stationary member, tocause said sleeve, by the pressure of the liquid to slide longitudinallyover the stationary member and to force the liner into its place in thecylinder of the engine.

l. An apparatus of the kind described comprising a stationarycylindrical member to be disposed axially within the cylinder of anengine which includes a crankshaft, means at the inner end of thestationary member to be anchored to said crankshaft, a closure at theother end of the stationary member, said closure having an outwardlyextending annular shoulder, a cylindrical sleeve open at one end,axially alined with said stationary member and being in an internallysliding abutment with said shoulder, an inwardly turned flange at theother end of the sleeve to slidingly abut the outer surface of thestationary member, said flange and said shoulder forming opposite wallsof an expansible annular chamber, and external adjustable collar at theopen end of the sleeve for frictional engagement at the outer end of aliner to be forced into the cylinder of the engine, the above saidclosure being provided with a socket for reception of a tube to conveyliquid under pressure and with a plurality of channels radiallyextending from said socket to convey said liquid to said annular chamberto cause said sleeve, to slide longitudinally over the stationary memberand to force said liner into its place in the cylinder of the engine.

HOMER W. LOTZ.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,036,475 Heimbach et a1 Apr. '7,1936 1,861,304 Etheridge May 31, 1932 1,585,176 Stumbaugh May 18, 192615 1,126,612 Wright Jan. 26, 1915

